Most steel components are formed by welding, so the quality of welding has become a concern for most customers. Are the weld joints sturdy? Can it withstand pressure and gravity? Which welding process is more reliable, and so on. Today, the editor will briefly explain how to ensure welding quality and ensure that welding products can meet customer needs.

Firstly, welding should meet the following welding technical requirements:

1. Welders must be certified for their work;

2. Before welding, carefully check whether the specifications, quantity, and errors of the welding body meet the requirements;

3. Before welding, carefully review the drawings, clarify the welding position, height, width, and length, and carefully analyze and determine the sequence that has the least impact on the steel structure components for welding. The welds should be welded symmetrically as much as possible;

4. Select welding materials according to design requirements, and clean steel oil stains, dust, etc. before welding;

5. Reasonably adjust the welding current according to the characteristics of the welding process and materials during welding to prevent quality problems such as undercutting, voids, solid inclusions, incomplete welding, cracks, etc;

6. Welders carry a slag cleaning hammer with them. After the weld is cooled and formed, the slag is immediately cleaned and inspected. If any problems occur, they are immediately repaired to ensure the quality of Hankou;

7. Perform anti-corrosion treatment after completing full welding in an area and passing self inspection;

Secondly, select the appropriate welding process based on technical requirements and product performance;

（1） Arc welding: When selecting a manual arc welding electrode model, the first step is to customize the electrode structure based on the toughness of the main metal, that is, the two types of toughness should be the same. Using a series of welding strips suitable for low toughness steel for bonding can not only meet strength requirements but also be more economical. Then select the specific model based on the steel type, structural importance, welding point position, and welding rod process performance. If it is a general structure, Q235A is usually used? The F-shaped steel uses E4303; Can meet the requirements. Both types of welding rods have titanium calcium coating, which is easy to control after welding. The slag activity is good, easy to detach, and the voltage is safe. The melting depth is suitable, with less spatter, and the welding is average. It is suitable for all overlapping areas. The welding power supply is AC or positive, reverse. For heavy industrial crane beams, crane trusses, or similar structures, the steel used is usually Q235B, Q235C, Q235D, and E4315 or E4316; The above three types of welding rod coatings are all low hydrogen type, suitable for all position welding, and the welding power supply uses DC reverse connection. Low hydrogen welding rods can reduce the amount of hydrogen in the weld seam and avoid the formation of cold cracks, because welding minerals have strong elasticity and their brittle heat transfer distance is higher than that of killed steel.

（2） Automatic submerged arc welding: The use of submerged arc welding is due to the accumulation of hot arcs, heavy melting, average overlap, low quality, and priority given to manual overlap for plasticity and impact toughness. The quality of semi-automatic submerged arc welding is between automatic submerged arc welding and manual welding. At the same time, automatic or semi-automatic submerged arc welding has fast welding speed, high production efficiency, low cost, and good working conditions. However, the application of arc welding is limited by its own conditions, and the welding machine must move along the track of the weld seam, so it must have certain operating conditions. Therefore, automatic or semi-automatic submerged arc welding is particularly suitable for large-scale assembly, welding of beams, columns, plates, etc. Automatic or semi automatic